HTML vs. CSS vs. JavaScript – Explained for Beginners

 

Introduction:

If you're new to web development, you've probably heard of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. But what do they actually do? Here’s a simple guide to help you understand the differences.

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🧱 HTML – The Structure

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the skeleton of a website.

html

<h1>My First Website</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

Everything you see on a webpage—text, headings, links—is created using HTML.

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🎨 CSS – The Style

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) controls how the page looks.

css

h1 {
  color: blue;
  font-family: Arial;
}

It makes your site colorful, readable, and responsive.

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⚙️ JavaScript – The Function

JavaScript adds behavior and interactivity.

javascript

document.getElementById("btn").onclick = function() {
  alert("Button clicked!");
};

It’s used for animations, form validation, sliders, and games.

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Summary Table:

Feature	HTML	CSS	JavaScript
Purpose	Structure	Style	Function/Logic
File Type	.html	.css	.js
Example    Use	Text, links, layout	Colors, fonts, spacing	Buttons, effects, alerts

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Conclusion:

To build modern websites, you need all 3—HTML gives it shape, CSS gives it style, and JavaScript gives it life.

💻 “HTML is what you see. CSS is how it looks. JavaScript is how it works.”